Who may certify a translation, what statement closes the document and what authorities expect — an overview per country.
What does USCIS require from a certified translation? The rule in 8 CFR 103.2(b)(3) and what the translator’s certification must state.
Learn moreWhat should a certified translation for UK authorities include? What GOV.UK asks the translator to confirm and how to find a qualified linguist.
Learn moreWhat does Ireland’s Department of Foreign Affairs require before it authenticates a translation? The conditions explained, step by step.
Learn moreWho may translate documents for the Australian Department of Home Affairs — inside and outside Australia? The requirements explained.
Learn moreWhat makes a translation ‘certified’ for New Zealand government agencies? Accreditation and what the translation should contain.
Learn moreWho is a certified translator in Canada, and when does a translation for IRCC need an affidavit? Provincial rules and federal requirements.
Learn moreWhich documents the destination country requires and in what form — by country, from the applicant’s side.
If you want a foreign qualification recognised or evaluated in Austria, you submit your documents to the competent body — foreign-language certificates with a certified translation. What applies in Austria is set out below with a reference to the official source.
Learn moreTo have your foreign education recognised in the Czech Republic, you submit documents to the competent body — usually with a certified translation into Czech (úředně ověřený překlad). What exactly applies is set out below, each time with a reference to the official source.
Learn moreIn France an official translation is made by a traducteur agréé, i.e. a court expert registered on a court of appeal list. Depending on the document’s country of origin and the receiving authority, an apostille or legalisation may also be needed — here is what the official texts say.
Learn moreFor marriage, family reunification, naturalisation or a job application, German authorities ask for civil-status documents — usually with a certified translation. Whether a translation is needed at all depends on which state issued the document. The differences are set out below, each with its official source.
Learn moreWhether you need recognition at all depends on your occupation — and the answer decides how much paperwork you will have to translate. Here is what the German government portal actually says, with each point linked to its source.
Learn moreIrish official guidance asks for two separate steps: the translation itself, by a professional translating service, and the certification of the copy by an authorised person. Below is what the official guidance says.
Learn moreIn Italy a translation is sworn (asseverata) by the person who made it, through an oath record made before a public official. The rules are below, with references to the official source.
Learn moreWhich route your papers take depends on the country that issued them, not on where you live now. And one change is recent enough that most guidance has not caught up: since 30 March 2025 Bangladeshi documents need an apostille, not consular legalisation.
Learn moreTo find out which Dutch level your foreign diploma is comparable to, you apply for a diploma evaluation (diplomawaardering). What you need to submit — and when a sworn translation is required — is set out below, each time with a reference to the official source.
Learn moreA certified translation is not just “a translation with a stamp”. The profession is regulated by statute, and the certification itself must contain specific elements — that is how an authority tells whether the document is valid. Below: who may certify, what must appear on the translation, how to verify the translator, and one rule most people do not know — some names in a diploma must NOT be translated.
Learn moreBefore ordering a translation of your driving licence, check one thing: quite possibly you do not need one at all. Whether a translation and theory test are required depends on whether the issuing state is party to a road traffic convention. Below: exactly what the rules say — and what that means for drivers from Ukraine.
Learn moreMedical professions are regulated — the right to practise is decided by the professional chamber or the Minister of Health, not the employer. There are many documents and they are translated as a package, so it pays to know in advance who may translate them and what must be done BEFORE the translation. Below: what follows directly from the statutes.
Learn moreBirth certificate, marriage certificate, criminal record certificate — the documents that come up most often at a Polish office. Before ordering a translation, check one thing: some extracts need no translation at all, and a foreign record sometimes has to be entered in the Polish register first. Below: the order of steps and what the law says.
Learn moreIn Spain an official translation is signed by a Traductor-Intérprete Jurado appointed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Below: what legal value that translation has and what else is required to have a foreign qualification recognised.
Learn moreAt federal level Switzerland has no “sworn translators”; Geneva regulates them in a cantonal law. As a rule a notary certifies the translator’s signature, and the State Chancellery then super-legalises that signature. What this means in practice is set out below with a reference to the official source.
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